POWER AND LANGUAGE IN PAKISTANI POLITICAL DISCOURSE: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

Abstract

Language functions as a central mechanism through which political power is produced, exercised, and legitimized. In political contexts, discourse does not merely convey information; rather, it actively shapes ideologies, constructs authority, and influences public perception. This study examines the relationship between power and language in Pakistani political discourse through the analytical lens of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Drawing on selected political speeches, press briefings, and public statements by prominent political actors in Pakistan, the study investigates how linguistic strategies—such as pronoun manipulation, ideologically loaded lexical choices, metaphorical representations, and modality—are employed to establish dominance and marginalize opposition. A comparative analysis of discourse practices across major political parties further highlights shared patterns as well as ideological distinctions. The findings reveal that despite differing political agendas, language consistently operates as a strategic resource for legitimizing authority and shaping social realities. This research contributes to language and literature studies by demonstrating the ideological nature of political discourse within Pakistan’s socio-political framework.