نوازش علی شیداکی نعت میں تجسیم کا رجحان

Abstract

This study examines the use of personification (Tajseem) as a rhetorical and aesthetic device in Nawazish Ali Shaida’s  Naat. Shaida presents various events from the life and biography of the Holy Prophet Muhammad ﷺ not merely as historical narratives but through vivid poetic imagery and literary devices. In particular, he personifies natural phenomena, visible and invisible elements, and abstract concepts by attributing human qualities, actions, emotions, and consciousness to them. The study analyzes the personification of the sky, sun, moon, clouds, wind, mountains, felicity, and guidance, demonstrating how these elements are transformed into lively and expressive poetic figures. It also explores the interaction of personification with other literary devices, including simile, metaphor, allusion, and حسنِ تعلیل (husn-e-ta‘leel). The study concludes that personification in naat is not merely an ornamental device but an effective means of expressing the spiritual significance, sublimity, and exalted status of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. Through this technique, Shaida transforms abstract and lifeless elements into dynamic participants in the poetic world, thereby enriching the work with intellectual depth, aesthetic appeal, and emotional intensity.